SetLimitText(0)すればOK
CWnd* pWnd = dlg.GetDlgItem(nItemId);
CEdit *edit = static_cast<CEdit*>(pWnd); //dynamic_cast does not work
if(edit != 0)
{
UINT limit = edit->GetLimitText(); //The current text limit, in bytes, for this CEdit object.
//value returned: 30000 (0x7530)
edit->SetLimitText(0);
limit = edit->GetLimitText();
//value returned: 2147483646 (0x7FFFFFFE)
}ネタ元